Kisspeptins regulate the onset of puberty by stimulating the release of gonadotrophin- releasing hormone (GnRH). In humans, kisspeptins can be derived from a 145-amino acid precursor to form smaller kisspeptins, including kisspeptin 54 (Kp-54) and kisspeptin 10 (Kp-10).

Here, d’Anglemont de Tassigny et al. compared the effects of systemic Kp-54 and Kp-10 administration on luteinising hormone (LH) release in male mice, and investigated the ability of both these peptides to activate GnRH neurones beyond the blood brain barrier (BBB). Systemic administration of Kp-10 failed to produce the sustained LH release seen with Kp-54. Additionally, although central delivery of Kp-54 and Kp-10 induces similar levels of depolarisation in GnRH neurones, peripherally administered Kp-54 could activate GnRH neurones, while Kp-10 could not.

This suggests that Kp-54 is more able to cross the BBB than Kp-10. These findings are particularly relevant for in vitro fertilisation protocols, where kisspeptins are now being used to trigger oocyte maturation.

Read the full article in PloS One 12 e0176821